Wireless-telegraph transmitter.



G. D. BABGOGK.

WIRELESS TELEGRAPH TRANSMITTER.

APPLICATION I'ILED JUNBII, 1908. my Patented Sept. 21, 1909.

" UNITED. STATES To all whom it may concern:

PATENT OFFICE.

CLIFFORD D. nn'nco'cx or nnw roman. Y., assmnon To unrrnn WIRELESS Tn-Ln- GRAPH column. A conron'n'rron or nnnn.

) WIRELESS-TELEGRAPH TRANSMITTER.

Be it known that I, CIJZFFORD D. Bnnoook,

" a citizen of the United States, residing at New. York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wireless- -Telegraph Transmitters; and I do hereby declare the followin to be a full, clear, and exact description 0 the invention, such as will enable others skilled in'the art to which pertains to make and use the same.

it a

-. y invention relates to wire ess telegraph transmitters, and hasfor itsobject the production of a combination set for wireless telegraphy which will embody an efficiency .and certainty of action with an econom of the space occupied; an increased durability over the sets heretofore used; an easy method of changing the lengthsof the waves emitted; an improved insulation for the spark gap; and an easy method of ,interfering with other receivin stations when desired.

To these'en tions of parts more fully hereinafterjdis closed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

a Referring to the accompanying drawings i forming a part of this specification in which like numerals refer to like parts in all the views :Figure' 1,- is a diagram of the sending circuit. Fig. 2, a sectional elevation of the sending apparatus. Fig. 3, a sectional lmpedance; and 5, an adjustable contact con- 'nected to one of the spark terminals 6, while the other terminal 7 is connected to the'coil 2, as shown. The condensers are joined in shunt across the terminals of the coil 2, but are in series relation to each other, as shown,

V in order to reduce the liability to breakage "from undue rushes of current. In practice the primary of the transformer consists of its iron core 20, and the terminals of said Specification of Letters I'atent. Application filed June 11, 1908. Serial No. 437,970.

my invention consists in the novel detalls of construction and comb1na-- primary are brought out of the casing .19 through suitable open' s, two of such points being indicated at L an L Fig. 2.

The impedance 4 is preferably in the form of a spiral, and has at intervals throughout its length the connections 8, as shown, which .join different lengths of the spiral to the con-' tacts 9, over whic plays the conducting lever 10, pivoted tothe s ark terminal 6, and provided with the insu ating handle 12.

13 represents the spark gap 'muflier of suitable insulating material, providedwith the insulating cover 14, supporting the spark gap' electrode 7 to which 1s clamped at 15 one end of the secondary 2;

16, represents a shaded peep hole through V Patented s ept. 21, 1909.

which the operation 'of'the spark gap may be observed; 17, a. shallow box in which lie the coils of the impedance 4; and 18', the insulatin material in which said coils are embedde in order to prevent leakage be- 21 as desired, ut I prefer to use three, as

shown. I

' 22, re resents suitable insulating tubes to permit tlie ends of'the coils to pass out of the cylinders 21, and to be joined together.

23, are insulating arms carrying the leads 24 which connect with the inner coatings of the Leyden jars or condensers 3. These arms may'extend' down and support the tops of thejars, as shown.

25, are supports for retaining the parts of the transformer in proper relation; and 26,

is the circular base which supports the entireset.

N and N, Fig. 2, represent suitable supbeen customary to use independent pieces of apparatus, 6. g. a transformer; a condenser;

a spark gap; amuffier; and an inductance, and to connect up these various independent devices at the place of use. In such case, a great deal of unnecessary space is taken up, the connections are always giving more or less trouble, and various parts of the apparatus are liable to disturbance from time to 'time. By employing a neat and convenient sized case, however, and securing all the components of a transmitting set together,

I am enabled to at once remove all these objections and annoyances, and also to greatly increase the life of the apparatus as a whole. In addition to this, by suitably calibrating the spiral 4, and properly locating the connections 8 along said spiral, I am enabled to connect the lever 10 through the contacts 9 to that length of the impedance spiral 4:, which when included in the oscillating circuit will cause waves to be emitted 'of any desired length. That 'is to say, by simply turning the lever 10 to the proper contact 9, any wave length desired may be transmitted; and therefore waves of a proper length to interfere with. any other receiving station, or waves of the best length to reach a given distant station, may be readily sent out at will. The contacts 9,may be suitably marked to indicate the corresponding length of its wave, as by a scale 32, and the lever 10 may be provided with a spring clip 33, engaging suitable notches 34 in the top of the case 19. Furthermore, I preferably make the terminal 7 with a concave end and provide it with a scale 30 to show the proper adjustment for the spark being used.

The operation of my improved combination transmittingsetwill be clear from the foregoing, and 1t is only necessary to say that when a message is to be sent it is only necessaay to throw a switch, not shown, closing the circuit through the primary coil 1; to adjust the spark terminal 7, until the spark is established; then to adjust it by the scale 30, for that length of spark that practice has shown is the most desirable for the particular wave lengths to be used. The le; i

capacity across the secondary terminals "may be suitably changed," if desired, to get the maximum effects. Under normal conditions, however, a given wave length and a given spark gap will correspond to a known capacity and current in the oscillating circuit, and no adjustment of the latter will be required. M

When it is desired to interfere with any other receiving station, I may determine the wave lengths being sent out by any suitable wave meter, and simply oscillate my lever 10 across the contacts 9 which correspond to waves of the same length, and to waves" necessary for the operator when assembling to join;up the different elements, and also to find places to store them. For example, a common way has been to provide a caslng for the spark gap and condenser; another casing for the transformer, and still other casings or places for the other parts. In such arrangements, however,-the connections are always giving trouble from sparks and short circuits owing to the enormous voltages dealt with, and the connecting wires themselves, which must be more or less exposed around the table or stand on which the spark gap is supported, often give shocks to those approaching them. Besides, a great deal of trouble is experienced from the fact that the operator has to overhaul the various connections so often that he is liable to not remake the right or pro er connections. In my invention all these di 'culties are done away with by providing a complete one piece apparatus comprising a generator of Hertzian waves, and means to easily vary the frequency of said Waves by predetermined amounts. No connections are required in installing the device, beyond attaching the aerial and ground leads to the oscillating circuit, and the attaching of the primary circuit terminals to the primary of the transformer. .All other connections are made in the factory, where of course they can be bet- 'ter made than anywhere else, and therefore a lever joining the same; and

transformer; an extension on masts thereon is prevented. Also, I regard the leading out of the taps from certain predetermined points on the impedance'to be of practical importance, for it provides an easy means of contacting with the same and lessens the troubles now experienced by operators,in getting a predetermined wave length.

Of course, I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact details of operation and construction above set forth, because it is evident that both may be varied by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim is 1. In a Wireless transmitter, the combination of a suitable transformer; a condenser joined across the terminals of the secondary of said transformer; an impedance calibrated to given wave lengths in series with one of said terminals; a spark gap terminal;

a series of contacts correspondin to the. calibrations of and joined to sai impedance over which said lever plays for connecting said impedance, said terminal being provided with a scale for showing the lengths of the sparks employed, the whole forming one complete an single apparatus requiring noconnections other than joinin the aerial and ground leads to the oscil ating circuit, and the primary circuit leads to the primary terminals of the transformer, substantially as described.

2. In a wireless transmitter, the combination of a suitable casing; a transformer inclosed in the same; a pluralit of superposed containers for the secon aryof said the base of said casing; a condenser supported on said extension; an impedance in said casing above said secondary; a spark gap above said impedance; a muffler; and a pivoted lever connected to said spark gap, and adapted to connect said impedance thereto, the whole forming one complete and single ap paratus requiring no connections other than oining the aerial and ground leads to the oscillatin circuit, and the primar circuit leads to t 1e primary terminals of t e transformer, substantially as described.

3. In a wireless transmitter, the combination of a suitable casing; a transformer inclosed in the same; a plurality of superposed containers for the secondary of said transformer provided with insulatin connections; an extension on the base 0 said casing; a series of Leyden jars supported on said extension; an insulating arm extending from said casing adapted to support a connection from said secondary to said jars; an impedance in said casing connected to 'saidsecondary; a series of contacts connected to said impedance; a lever adapted to connect with said contacts; and a spark gap primary terminals of the transformer,

with which said lever is connected, the whole forming one complete and single apparatus requiringmo connections other than joining the aerial and ground leads to the oscillating circuit, and the primary circuit leads to the primary terminals of the transformer, substantially as described.

4. In a wireless transmitter, the combination of a suitable casing; a transformer, provided with a sectional secondary, inclosed in the same; a plurality of superposed containers for the secondary of said transformer provided with insulating connections to facilitate joining said sect-ions;

.. an extension on the base of said casing; a

series of Leyden jars supported on said extensions; an insulating arm extending from said casing adapted to support a connection from said secondary to said jars; an impedance in said casing suitably calibrated to different Wave len ths connected to said secondary; a series of contacts connected to said impedance; a lever adapted to connect with said contacts; and a spark gap with which said lever is connected, the Whole forming one complete and single apparatus requiring no connections other than joining the aerial and ground leads to the oscillating circuit, and the primary circuit leads to the primary terminals of the transformer, substantially as described.

5. In a wireless transmitter, the combination of a suitable casing; a transformer having a sectional secondary; a plurality of containers in said casing for said secondary rovided with means for facilitating. the oining of the ends of said sections; a con denser supported by said casing; an impedance supported by said casing calibrated to given wave lengths; a series of contacts corres onding to said wave lengths and inde en ently connected to said impedance; a ever playing over said contacts; a spark gap to which said lever is connected; and a muflier inclosing said spark ga the whole forming one complete and sing e apparatus requiring no connections other than joining the aerial and ground leads to the oscillating circuit, and the primary circuit leads to the substantially as described.

6. In a wireless transmitter, the combination of a suitable casing; a transformer having a sectional secondary a plurality of contamers in said casing for said secondary provided with insulating tubular means for facilitating the joining of the ends of said sections; a condenser supported by said casing; a spiral impedance embedded in insulating material supported by said casing calibrated to given wave lengths; a series of contacts corresponding to said wave lengths and independently connected to said impedance; a lever playing over said contacts; a spark gap to which said lever is connected, having one of its terminals provided with a scale to indicate the spark length;

and a mufiler, provided with a peep hole,

inclosing said spark gap, the Whole forming one complete and single apparatus requiring no connections other than joining the aerial and ground leads to the oscillating circuit, and the primary circuit leads to the primary terminals of the transformer, substantially 10 as described.

In testimony whereof, I affix my. signature, in presence of two witnesses.

CLIFIY )RD 1). BABCOCK.

W itnesses Mosns ELY, Josmu S. ITUN'I. 

